How Does It Work

Civil litigation is a legal process in which individuals, businesses, or government entities seek to resolve non-criminal disputes through the court system. Unlike criminal cases involving the government prosecuting an individual for breaking the law, civil litigation typically involves private parties. It revolves around contracts, property disputes, personal injury, and family matters. The process begins when one party, known as the plaintiff, files a lawsuit against another party, the defendant, alleging that they have been wronged or suffered a loss due to the defendant's actions. Civil litigation aims to provide a legal remedy, including monetary compensation, specific performance, or an injunction to prevent or require certain actions.

 The civil litigation process involves several key stages, starting with filing a complaint and delivering a summons to the defendant, who must respond with an answer. This is followed by the discovery phase, where both parties exchange information, documents, and evidence relevant to the case. Discovery can include depositions, interrogatories, and requests for documents. After discovery, the case may proceed to pre-trial motions and settlement discussions. If the parties cannot settle, the case goes to trial, where each side presents its arguments and evidence before a judge or jury. The judge or jury then makes a decision or verdict, which either party can appeal. Throughout the process, civil litigation can be complex and time-consuming, often requiring the experience of legal professionals to navigate the procedural and substantive aspects of the case effectively.